95.What is the anticoagulant used for BGA sample?
A.EDTA C.Citrate E.Fluoride
B.Heparin D.Oxalate
B.Rase2nyer r.. ga dapt di cari sumbernya dOngg!!ahaks.. oOppss.. Bentar.. kami udah jumpa.. yEay..!!Rupa2nya ada di slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Preparing the sample for BGA (Blood Gas Analysis) bukan Blood Group Antigen ya..!!
96.His electrolyte profile result is
H+ : 60mmol/l CI- : 103mEq/l
Na+ : 40mmol/l HCO3- :12mmol/l
K+ :5.0mmol/l PO3- :33mg/dl
Mg+ :3mEq/l
Please calculate the anion gap of the patient..
A.85mmol/l C.33mmol/l E.47mmol/l
B.30mmol/l D.90mmol/l
Ga tau dOng.. Dr. ga ajar..!! pulang awal.. nyontek aja…!! Dalam slide dr. nadjwa ada.. tajuk Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. formulir nya ada..
Anion gap = Cation – Anion
e.g Anion gap =(Na+ + H+) minus (CI- + HCO3-)
unitnya ga sama.. jadi kami ga tau.. untuk yang tau.. nanti kasih tau ke kami ya??sms atau call aja.. jangan miscall ya.. nanti ibu Ana marah.. di kelas civics ga bisa misscall2.. kami ga layan..!!
97.The method to measure the free electrolyte concentration is..
A.Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
B. Ion-selective electrode
C.Refractometer
D.Flow cytometer
E.Flame photometer
B.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Methods of Measuring Electrolytes.. Dari slide di tulis In the past.. Sodium & potassium measurement – atomic absorption spectrophotometry & flame photometry, chloride-titration & colorimetry.. tapi bukannya untuk free electrolyte.. jadi kami fikir mungkin modern technology use nowadays yaitu ion-selective electrodes…!! Di refer ya?? Jangan ikut aja.. nanti sesat jalan..!! ahaks..
98.What is the dominant cation in intracellular fluid?
A.Sodium C.Calcium E.Ferum
B. Potassium D.Magnesium
B.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Electrolytes (Potassium) Sodium itu mayor cation di extracellular.. Jangan lupa baca ya.. Jangan malas..!! Ini soal famous gituuuuuuuuuuuu..!!
99.Increasing anion gap in DM patient is due to…
A.Uream C. Ketone E.Bicarbonate
B.Lactate D.Chloride
C.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Anion Gap.. Ditulis di slide ini Anion Gap akan increase bila ada diabetis KETOSIS,acidosis, starvation and uremia.. Ga pasti.. Buku Henry belum difotokopi.. Ga kenal gi mana rupanya Kang Henry itu.. Maaf ya.. Uang ga ada…!!!
100.Increase anion gap in marathon athlete is due to increase level of…
A.Phosphate C.Calcium E.Ketone
B.Bicarbonate D.Lactate
D.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Anion Gap.. Marathon menghasilkan Lactic acid.. Lactic acid = Lactate.. So, Anion gap akan increase sewaktu ACIDOSIS.. Ga percaya?? Cuba kamu marathon.. Keliling-keliling UNPAD aja.. Pasti banyak lactatenya ya??ayuh… di cobain doonnngg.. tp slepas EXAM aja ya..!!
101.Which is the major osmotically active substance?
A.Glucose C.Potassium E.Bicarbonate
B.Blood Urea Nitrogen D. Sodium
D.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Osmolal Gap.. Major osmotically active substance are Sodium,Glucose & Urea.. Sodium susunannya di atas.. jadi kami rasa Sodium.. Maaf ya Kang Henry kalau salah..!!ahaks
102.Which acid-base abnormality is the result of massive blood transfusion in thallasemia patient?
A.Metabolic Acidosis C.Respiratory Acidosis E.Hypoxemia
B. Metabolic Alkalosis D.Respiratory Alkalosis
B.Dari slide Dr. Nadjwa Zamalek..Tajuknya Water,Electrolytes and Acid Base Metabolism.. Subtopic-Metabolic Alkalosis.. Ditulis di slide…Metabolic Alkalosis-Prolonged vomiting, diuretic therapy,massive blood transfusion…
103. The most common sites of hematogenous metastasis are….
A.Brain & Kidney C.Liver & Kidney E.Lung & Brain
B.Bone & Brain D. Lung & Liver
D.Waduh2.. capek kami mencarinya.. stelah stiap lembar page kami selongkari akhiiirnya… kami ketemui di Buku Pathologic Basis Of Disease (Robin & Cotran).. page 280-281.. Tajuk NEOPLASIA ya..! di bagian hematogenous spread.. di baca ya?? Jangan malu2.. nanti Dr. Lasma sama Dr. Ismet sedih kalo kamu ga baca..!! kalo mau lebih ngerti bikin mapping aja.. kan gampang…!!ahaks..
104.Forms a complex with cyclin E in late G1, which is involve in the G1/S transition…
A.CDK 4 C.CDK 1 E.CDK3
B. CDK 2 D.CDK 6
Ini ma.. dulu waktu FBS3 juga ada… hehehehe… tapi skarang di tajuk NEOPLASIA.. Buku Pathologic Basis Of Disease (Robin & Cotran).. waduh2.. tajuk ini baaaaannnyyyaaaakk bangat dooonngg… capek otak aku..!! sampe tertidur aku.. berbunyi-bunyi dengkur.. (snoring)ahaks.. kamu refer di page 290-291.. di bagian ada figure kecil di bawah sama di page sebelahnya ya..!!!
105.Gastric lymphoma that much evident linking gastric infection with…
A.HTLV-1
B.Treponema Pallidum
C. Helicobacter Pylori
D.Clostridium Tetani
E.Human Papilloma Virus
C.Ini juga di tajuk NEOPLASIA..Masih di Buku Pathologic Basis Of Disease (Robin & Cotran) di subtopic-Helicobacter Pylori.. Pagenya 327.. Ini juga sewaktu FBS 2.. Case no. 4.. Mr. Dodi Naludi.. yg sakit Duodenal Ulcer Disease itu.. Masih ingat..?? ksian ama dia ya?? ahaks..
106.Which of the following cancer that is uncommon in children below 15 years old?
A.Wilm’s Tumor C.Neuroblastoma E. Melanoma
B.Retinoblastoma D.Leukemia
E.Ini juga di tajuk NEOPLASIA.. Buku Pathologic Basis Of Disease (Robin & Cotran).. page 284.. di situ di listkan di bagian kanan di sebelah atas.. ditulis cancer yang common during infancy and childhood.. smuanya ada tapi melanoma aja yang ga ada..!! jadi itulah jawabannya dooonngg.. gampang aja ya.. itu ma kalo ada robin & co$tran waktu UAS (ujian akhir semester)…!! Jadi bawak aja basis pathologynya.. tapi ditinggal in di luar aja ya..!! ahaks..
107.Which of the following gene act as anti-apoptosis?
A.RAS C. Bcl-2 E.WT-1
B.BAX D.RB
C.Ini ma.. di tajuk cell injury.. Buku Pathologic Basis Of Disease (Robin & Cotran).. di bagian apoptosis.. jawabannya di bagian mechanism of apoptosis.. di extrinsic pathway(DD pathway) atau di intrinsic pathway(mitochondrial pathway)?CUBA TEKA..!! Fikir dula ya.. 1 menit masa kami beri.. kami mau makan dulu.. mau makan ayam laos.. udah lapar doonng.. pokoknya seda’ sekali.. istimewa untuk sahabat.. 5 ribu aja..
UdaH?? Wah.. cepat benar.. yA.. tepat sekali.. jawabannya intrinsic pathway.. di page 29.. katanya the two anti-apoptotic one is the Bcl-2 and Bcl-X.. jadi.. jawabannya udah semestinya C..!!
Untuk anak2 KPBI.. jangan lupa ya.. Dr. Lasma udah sering kasih tau tentang apoptosis.. di bikn mapping.. jgn di lupa.. kasihan sama ibu kita.. Dr. Lasma.. udah capek.. Yuk.. beli Teh botol sosro untuk Dr. Lasma yuk..!! :p
p/s: untuk semua.. selamat menempuh final exam 1st year nanti ye..!! buat elok2.. ingatlah org yg tsayang..!! smoga smua bjaya & jumpa lagi bulan 9 ni di 2nd year.. InsyaALLAH…!!
“ujian adalah tarbiah daripada ALLAH.. apakah kitakan sabar ataupun sebaliknya… kesenangan yang datang selepas kesusahan semuanya adalah nikmat dari tuhan…”
YANG CAPEK,
_JAMALUDDIN & ATHRASH_
KPBI 07/08
SUPERSTAR
108. Malignant epithelial tumors with grandular growth pattern called as :
Ans: Adenocarcinoma (Slide95, Neoplasia Dr Ismet)
109. The most common paraneoplastic syndrome is:
Ans: Hypercalcemia (Pg333, Robbins&Cotran)
110. Abberant mass with mature differentiation but disorganized, is called:
Ans: Hamartoma (Slide100, Neoplasia Dr Ismet)
111. Sarcoma arising from or resembling smooth muscle cells is: Ans: Leiomyosarcoma (Slide95, Neoplasia Dr Ismet)
112. The extent to which tumor cells resemble comparable normal cells is called:
Ans: Differentiation (Pg272, Robbins&Cotran)
113. Which of the following tumors that made up of a variety of parenchymal cell type
representative of more than one germ layers?
Ans: Teratoma (Slide97, Neoplasia Dr Ismet)
114. Darkly stained nuclei that frequently contain prominent nucleoli is called:
Ans: Hyperchromasia(Slide230, Neoplasia Dr Ismet)
115. Gene that promotes autonomous cell growth in cancer cells is called:
Ans: Oncogene (Pg292, Robbins&Cotran)
116. Which of the following gene is included in tumor suppressor gene?
Ans: APC Gene (Pg304, Robbins&Cotran)
117. What is the cause of over expression of E6 and E7 proteins?
Ans: HPV (Pg324, Robbins&Cotran)
118. Which of the following virus will cause over expression of LMP-1 protein?
Ans: EBV (Pg325, Robbins&Cotran)
119. What molecular changing happened during transformation of intermediate
adenoma to late adenoma in colorectal cancer?
Ans: Loss of tumor suppression on chromosome 18q (Slide93, Neoplasia
Standarisasi)
120. Which of the following glycoprotein that acts as glues between epithelial cells?
Ans: Cadherins (Pg305, Robbins&Costran)
121. What mutation is found in 20% of familial melanomas?
Ans: The INK4a/ARF (Pg305, Robbins&Costran)
122. Two mutations of the RB locus on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation is pathogenesis of :
A. Cooorectal carcinoma
B. Thyroid carcinoma
C. Retinoblastoma
D. Wilm’s tumor
E. Hepatocellular carcinoma
Ans: C. Retinoblastoma (Robbins & Cotran page 299)
123. According to the term of adenoma, which organ could not show the tumor?
A. Small bowel
B. BladderC. Large bowel
D. Esophagus
E. Hypophyse
Ans: D. Esophagus (Robbins & Cotran page 270)
124. An 8-year-old female can bend her thumb back to the forearm. She can pull her skin out from her abdomen about 8 cm and when her skin is cut, difficult to repair. What is your diagnosis?
A. Down syndrome
B. Tay-Sachs diseaseC. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
D. Turner syndrome
E. Gaucher syndrome
Ans: C. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Robbins & Cotran page 155)
For question number 125 & 126, refer to the scenario below:
A 25-year-old female with amenorrhea is 146 cm tall and is found on physical examination to have a webbed neck. An abdominal magnetic resonance imaging shows streak ovaries that are small, long and thin.
125. These features are classic for which disease?
A. Down syndrome
B. Tay-Sachs diseaseC. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
D. Turner syndrome
E. Gaucher syndrome
Ans: D. Turner syndrome (Robbins & Cotran page 180)
126. Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities is most likely to present?
A. 45,X
B. 47,XX
C. 47,XY
D.69,XXY
E. 47,XXY
Ans: A. 45, X (RobbinS & Cotran page 179)
For questions number 127 and 128, refer to the scenario below:
A fetus is delivered stillborn at 19weeks gestation. The macerated fetus shows marked hydrops fetalis. There is a large posterior cystic hygroma of the neck. Autopsy reveals internal anomalies, including aortic coartation and a horseshoe kidney
127. Which of the following disease is most likely to develop in this fetus?
A. Down syndrome
B. Tay-Sachs diseaseC. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
D. Turner syndrome
E. Gaucher syndrome
Ans: B. Turner syndrome (Robbins & Cotran page 179, Genetic Disorder Slide page 54)
128. Which of the following is most likely to be found on the chromosome analysis of fetal cells?
A. 45,X
B. 47,XX
C. 47,XY
D.69,XXY
E. 47,XXY
Ans: A. 45, X (Robbins & Cotran page 179, Genetic Disorder Slide page 53)
129. A 25 year old male has a work up for infertility and is found to have oligosperma. Physical examination findings include bilateral gynecomastia, reduced testicular size, and reduced body hair. He has a distinctive body habitus, increase length between soles and the pubic bone, and also an eunuchoid body with abnormally long legs. Which of the following karotypes is most likely to be found on chromosome analysis of this person?
A. 45,X
B. 47,XX
C. 47,XY
D.69,XXY
E. 47,XXY
Ans: E. 47,XXY - Klinefelter syndrome (Robbins & Cotran page 179, Genetic Disorder Slide page 52)
For questions number 130 until 132, refer to the scenario below:
Bombi, a 10 year old boy, although mentally retarded, is able to carry out activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing himself. On physical examination, he has brachycephaly and oblique alpebral fissures with prominent epicanthal folds. On palm of each hand is seen transverse crease. On auscultation of the chest there is a gradeII systolic murmur. The doctor diagnose Bombi’s condition is Down Syndrome.
130. In which category is Bombi’s genetic disorder included?
A. Cytogenic disorder involving autosomes
B. Cytogenic disorder involving sex chromosome
C. Multifactorial inheritance
D. Mendelian disorder
E. Atypical pattern ofinheritance
Ans: A. Cytogenic disorder involving autosomes (Robbins & Cotran page 175, Genetic Disorder Slide page 48)
131.If Bombi’s doctor need to perform genetic analysis or karyotyping, which of the following tools can be used?
A. FISH
B. PCR
C. Southern blot
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
Ans: C. Southern blot
132. If the karyotyping was done, the most likely karyotype of Bombi’s disorder is:
A. Trisomy 12 type
B. Trisomy 13 type
C. Trisomy 18 type
D. Trisomy 21 type
E. Tetrasomy
Ans: D. Trisomy 21 type
In the question given state that "The doctor diagnose Bombi’s condition is Down Syndrome.", so, if refer to
Robbins and Cotran page 175, Down Syndrome is Trisomy 21.=)
133. A 25-year-old male has a work up for infertility and is found to have oligospermia. Physical examination
findings include bilateral gynecomastia, reduced testicular size and reduced body hair. He has a distinctive body
habitus; increase length between soles and the pubic bone, and also an eunuchoid body with abnormally long legs.
These features are characteristic of which disorder?
A. Down syndrome
B. Klinefelter syndrome
C. Turner syndrome
D. Hermaphroditism
E. Pseudohermaphroditism
Ans: B. Klinefelter syndrome
All the characteristics given in the question fit the statement in the characteristics of Klinefelter syndrome in the Robbins and Cotran page 179."Most patient have a distinctive body habitus with an increase in length between the sole and the pubic bone, characteristic are eunuchoid body habitus with abnormally long legs; small atrophic testes often associated with a small penis; lack of such secondary male as deep voice beard, and male distribution of pubic hair. gynecomastia may be present."=)
134. Which of the following statement is NOT suitable for autosomal recessive disorder?
A. Occurs only when both alleles at a given locus are mutants
B. The trait usually affect the parents
C. Siblings may show the disease
D. Onset is frequently early in life
E. Occurs when one alleles at a given locus are mutants
Ans: confuse between B. or E.
Base on Robbins and Cotran page 151: Autosomal recessive inheritance is the single largest category of mendelion disorders result "only when both" alleles at a given locus are mutants, such disorder are characterized by the following features: (1) The trait "does not" usually affect the parents, but siblings may show the disease;....
For me,both answers are wrong...or anyone can identify which is the MOST NOT SUITABLE answer??=p
135. Which of the following disorders is the disease of autosomal recessive?
A. Marfan syndrome
B. Lysosomal storage disease
C. Neurofibromatosis
D. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
E. Down syndrome
Ans: B. Lysosomal storage disease
Please refer to Table 5-2 in Robbins and Cotran page 151...=)
136. Direct gene diagnosis is a approach apply to diagnostic in genetic disease by recombinant DNA technology which involved:
A. Detection of mutant gene
B. Detection of linkage of the disease with a harmless "marker gene"
C. Immunoflourescent
D. Immunohistochemistry
E. Dissemination of mutant gene
Ans: A. Detection of mutant gene
Refer Robbins and Cotran page 188: Direct gene diagnosis..=)
137. Which of the following statement is suitable for mutation?
A. Mutation is a temporary change in the DNA
B. Mutation that affect germ cell are translated to progeny
C. Mutation that arise in somatic cells cause hereditary disease
D. Chromosome mutations involved loss or gain of whole chromosome
E. Genome mutation give rise to visible structural changes in the chromosome
Ans: B. Mutation that affect germ cell are translated to progeny
Base on Robbins and Cotran page 147... Mutation is a 'permanent' change in the DNA. Mutation that arise in somatic cells 'understandably do not' cause hereditary disease. 'Genome' mutations involved loss or gain of whole chromosome. 'Chromosome' mutation give rise to visible structural changes in the chromosome.
138. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
A. Mutation can interfere with protein synthesis at various level
B. Transcription may be suppressed with gene deletion and point mutation involving promoter
sequences
C. Translation is affected if a stop codon is created within an exon
D. Some point mutation may lead to the formation of an abnormal protein without impairing any step in protein sequences
E. Less extreme genotyping errors never lead to full embryogenic development and live birth
Ans: E. Less extreme genotyping errors never lead to full embryogenic development and live birth
Base on Robbins and Cotran page 149 (To summerize,....), all the answers from A. to D. is correct.=)
139. The result of CSF examination:
WBC 80 cells/µL
Differential counting: lymphocyte 5, monocyte 5, neutrophil 80
Protein 110 mg/dL
Glucose 25 mg/dL
What is the most etiology of meningitis in this patient?
A. Inflammatory process
B. Tuberculous meningitis
C. Trauma
D. Bacterial meningitis
E. Viral meningitis
Ans: D. Bacterial meningitis
The most distinctive reasons why the answer is D. is because neutrophil present in the CSF exam. Please check it out from Dr.Nadjwa's lecture slides on Stool and Other Body Fluid Analysis: Cerebrospinal Fluid=p
140. The CSF specimen is ordinarily divided into several tubes. Which tube is used for microbiologic examination at LCS examination?
A. 1st tube
B. 2nd tube
C. 3rd tube
D. 4th tube
E. 5th tube
Ans: B. 2nd tube
Refer Dr.Nadjwa's lecture slides on Stool and Other Body Fluid Analysis: Cerebrospinal Fluid
Specimen Collection
- Collected in 3 sterile tubes:
1. Tube 1: chemical & serologic test
2. Tube 2: microbiology
3. Tube 3: cell count & differential
141. The condition that causes increasing level of protein in patient with meningitis is:
A. Increase permeability of blood brain barrier
B. Decrease resorption at arachnoid villi
C. Mechanical obstruction
D. Increase intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis
E. Increase hydrostatic pressure
Ans: A. Increase permeability of blood brain barrier
Refer Dr.Nadjwa's lecture slides on Stool and Other Body Fluid Analysis: Cerebrospinal Fluid
Chemical Analysis
- elevated CSF protein
1. Increase permeability of blood brain barrier (meningitis, hemorrhage)
2. Decrease resorption at arachnoid villi
3. Mechanical obstruction (tumor)
4. Increase intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis (Guillain-Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis)
142. Chemical analysis in pleural fluid includes amylase level.Increase level of amylase in pleural fluid suggest :
A. Pancreatitis
B. Tuberculous infection
C. Congestive heart failure
D. Bacterial infection
E. Viral infection
Answer : A
Reference : “Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis” page 441
143. Which cell will increase in pleural fluid with viral infection ?
A. Mesothelial cell
B. Neutrophil
C. Eosinophil
D. Lymphocyte
E. Basophil
Answer : D
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
144. Which staining is needed to see leucocytes in microscopic examination of feces?
A. Sudan III
B. Eosin
C. Nacl
D. Methylene blue
E. Giemsa
Answer : D
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
145. Which cell increase in helminthes infection with differential counting of white blood cell ?
A. Neutrophil
B. Lymphocyte
C. Basophil
D. Eosinophil
E. Monocyte
Answer : D
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
146. Substance that could give FALSE negative result of fecal occult blood test is :
A. Aspirin
B. Red meat
C. Turnips
D. Vitamin C
E. Cimetidin
Answer : D
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
147. Which anticoagulant is needed for cell count in synovial fluid examination ?
A. Li Heparin
B. Na heparin
C. K2 EDTA
D. Oxalate
E. Citrate
Answer : C
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
148. Ali, 35 year-old man,tall and skinny,working as a building labor,brought by his family to the emergency department of Dr.Hasan Sadikin Hospital because of unconsiousness with convulsion.After some physical examination, the doctor decided to perform lumbar puncture.
Where is the common location of this procedure ?
A. between Th 3- Th 4
B. between Th 4- Th 5
C. between Th 12 – L 1
D. between L 2- L 3
E. between L 3- L 4
Answer : E
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
149. During lumbar puncture, the doctor found that the opening pressure is 210mmH2O
( NR: 90-180 mmH2O ). What is your conclusion about this condition ?
A. Doctor should stop the procedure
B. Doctor can continue the procedure
C. The amount of CSF can be withdrawn maximal only 2 ml
D. The amount of CSF can be withdrawn maximal only 3 ml
E. The amount of CSF can be withdrawn maximal only 4 ml
Answer : C
Reference : “Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis” page 427
A. Meningitis Tuberculosis
B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
C. Meningitis viral
D. Meningioma
E. Meningitis fungal
Answer : A
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
151. Fariz, 24 year-old man, came to see his family doctor with painful, swelling and redness of both of his metacarpal joints.
For further analysis of Fariz’s synovial fluid, what procedure should be performed by his doctor ?
A. Thoracentesis
B. Arthrocentesis
C. Craniocentesis
D. Pericardiocentesis
E. Peritoneocentesis
Answer : B
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
152. The doctor suspected that Fariz had Rheumatoid Arthritis, an inflammatory disease of joints. What is expected color of his synovial fluid ?
A. Straw coloured
B. Yellow
C. Brown
D. Green
E. Red
Answer : A
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
153. Microscopic examination of Fariz’s synovial fluid revealed number of cells are 250/μL. What cells are expected to be increased ?
A. Basophil
B. Neutrophil
C. Eosinophil
D. Monocyte
E. Lymphocyte
Answer : B
Reference : slide “ Stool and Other Body Fluid analysis”
154. Mamat,a 42-year old skinny man, reffered to Department of Interna Medicine pf Dr. Hassan Sadikin Hospital because of difficulty in breathing.He had history of chronic cough with episodes of bloody sputum. X-ray examination showed pleural effusion in his right lung.What is the possible pathophysiology of this effusion?
Ans: From slide (Lecture Stool and Other Body Fluid Analysis), bloody sputum is exudates. Thus, possible pathophysiology is increased capillary permeability.
155. The appearance of pleural fluid is turbid. What cell count or chemical analysis result could be expected?
Ans: From the slide (Lecture Stool and Other Body Fluid Analysis),.Under gross examination, if turbid, it’s exudates. Exudates: Protein > 3g/dL, Glucose=serum, LDH PF/S ratio > 0.6, >200 IU/L, pH >/<7.3,> 1000/µL
156. Mr. M doesn’t have a vehicle, he used angkot (Public Transportation) and had to walk around 750m to ankot terminal and angkot stop around 750m from the hospital. What parameter in urinalysis could be affected by his activity?
Ans: From Henry (pg 376), glucose may appear in urine at different bood glucose level. Thus, glucose is affected by Mr. M’s activity.(not sure)
157. Mr. L, 24-year-old, heavy smoker, came to laboratory hospital for medical check up. What laboratory parameters is expected to be right?
Ans:Increase: carboxyHb, plasma catecholamines, cortisol, free fatty acid, neutrophil, monocyte.Decrease: Eosinophil. From slide (Clinical Laboratory)
158. MM, a 16 years old girl goes directly to laboratory hospital after playing tennis, for medical check up. What laboratory parameter expected to be high/abnormal?
Ans: Initial decrease followed by an increase in : free fatty acid, alanine, lactate. Elevated: CK, AST, LD. Activate coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet. From slide (Clinical Laboratory)
159. Fecal occult blood is one of he test which widely used as a screening for colorectal cancer. What meals should be avoided to gain an accurate results?
Ans: Meat and Fat. Fatà Potassium, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase. Meatà urea, ammonia, urate .From slide (Clinical Laboratory)
160. Mrs. NZD who ate a lot of meat daily, performed medical check up. What laboratory parameters ia expected to be high?
Ans: Ammonia: Meatà urea, ammonia, urate .From slide (Clinical Laboratory)
161. A 5 years old boy diagnosed by his doctor as having Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. In order to confirm his diagnoses and to predict the prognosis, the doctor suggested to performed immunophenotyping. Wht is the method used to analyze this parameter?
Ans: From Henry page 67, under Common Flow Cytometers in Use, Fluorochromes with a diversity of excitation and emission wavelengths and their conjugation to monoclomal and antibodies have contributed to the widespread application of flow cytometry to immunophenotyping in leukemia, lymphoma, and monitoring of immune status. Thus,
For question 162-164, refer to scenario below:
Mr. H, 56 years old man was brought to the emergency department of Dr. Hassan Sadikin Hospital with acute left chest pain. Doctor suspect that Mr.H has an acute myocardial infarction, whereas one of its risk factor is hypercholesterolemia.
162. What is the method used to measure this risk factors?
Ans: Spectrophotometer. From slide (Lecture Principles of Instrumentation)
163. W hat is the basic principal of measurement?
Ans: Beer-Lembert Law. From slide (Lecture Principles of Instrumentation)
164. This basic principle can be applied only in standard condition, such as:
Ans:
165. Laboratory results show that LDH-5 of Mr H is very high. LDH is one of the 5 isoenzyme of LDH. What method is used o measure this parameters?
Ans:Electrophoresis. From slide (Lecture Principles of Instrumentation)
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